Himachal Pradesh News
Shimla’s Temperature Rising: Study Reveals 2.5°C Increase Due to Urban Heat, Climate Action Plans Underway
Once known for its cool weather and refreshing mountain climate, Shimla is now witnessing a noticeable rise in temperatures. A recent scientific study has revealed that several areas of the popular hill town have recorded an increase of 1.7°C to 2.5°C in land surface temperatures over the last ten years, raising concerns about the impact of rapid urban development and changing environmental conditions.
Once known for its cool weather and refreshing mountain climate, Shimla is now witnessing a noticeable rise in temperatures. A recent scientific study has revealed that several areas of the popular hill town have recorded an increase of 1.7°C to 2.5°C in land surface temperatures over the last ten years, raising concerns about the impact of rapid urban development and changing environmental conditions.
The study, carried out jointly by the Shimla Municipal Corporation (SMC) and Germany-based development agency Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, analysed land surface temperature patterns between 2013 and 2023 in Shimla and Panaji. The report has been submitted to the Municipal Corporation and highlights the growing influence of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in the region.
Researchers found that unplanned urban expansion, densely packed buildings and shrinking natural spaces are major contributors to increasing heat levels in the city. The widespread use of heat-retaining materials such as concrete, asphalt roads and metal roofing sheets has intensified the warming effect by absorbing sunlight during the day and releasing heat back into the surroundings.
Experts warn that if the current trend continues, the rising urban heat could affect Shimla’s fragile ecosystem, increase energy demand and reduce the overall comfort and quality of life for residents and visitors alike.
To combat the challenge, the study has recommended several climate-friendly solutions. These include the creation of urban water bodies such as ponds, fountains and small lakes that can naturally cool nearby areas through evaporation. It also emphasises expanding green spaces through parks, urban forests and rooftop gardens to increase shade and reduce heat accumulation.
Another key recommendation is the adoption of cool roofing technologies. Replacing dark and heat-absorbing roofs with reflective materials can significantly reduce heat gain inside buildings and lower surrounding temperatures.
The report further calls for sustainable city planning, including better ventilation corridors, more pedestrian-friendly infrastructure and the use of permeable pavements that help absorb rainwater while reducing surface heat.
Along with infrastructure changes, greater community participation has been identified as essential. Encouraging the use of public transport, reducing unnecessary emissions and increasing environmental awareness can play a crucial role in improving Shimla’s long-term climate resilience.
Addressing the findings, Dr Bhuwan Sharma, Joint Commissioner of the Shimla Municipal Corporation, said the civic body remains committed to protecting the town’s ecological heritage. He stated that the Corporation has allocated Rs 74.49 crore under its Climate Tool Budget for the financial year 2026-27 to support sustainable development, conservation of natural resources, improved water management and better waste management practices.
Dr Sharma added that the Municipal Corporation will prepare future policies based on the study’s recommendations. He also confirmed that additional environmental studies are currently underway, and further steps will be taken after analysing their results to ensure a greener, more climate-resilient future for Shimla.
The findings serve as a strong reminder that even India’s famous hill stations are not immune to the effects of urbanisation and climate change. The choices made today in city planning and environmental protection will determine whether Shimla can preserve its natural charm for future generations.
