Shimla News
Record Numbers of Migratory Birds Arrive at Himachal’s Pong Dam Lake, Wildlife Census Reports
Pong Dam Lake: A Ramsar Site and Vital Wintering Habitat for Migratory Birds
Shimla, February 02: The 2025 annual bird count at Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary, a designated Ramsar site in Himachal Pradesh, revealed an exceptional rise in migratory waterfowl. A total of 1,53,719 birds from 97 species were recorded, marking a notable jump from previous years. Out of this, 1,44,371 migratory birds belonging to 55 species were counted, highlighting the sanctuary’s increasing significance as a vital wintering ground for waterfowl. This surge reflects the sanctuary’s vital role in the conservation of migratory bird species in the region.
One of the most remarkable findings in this year’s bird census was the significant rise in the population of Bar-headed Geese, the flagship species of Pong Dam Lake Wildlife Sanctuary. The census recorded 90,959 Bar-headed Geese, a dramatic increase from 37,501 in 2024 — an impressive jump of 53,458 birds. “This marks the highest count ever documented since the annual bird census began at Pong in 2004,” stated a senior wildlife officer from the Himachal Pradesh Forest Department, underscoring the sanctuary’s growing importance as a key habitat for these migratory waterfowl.
The 2025 bird census at Pong Dam Lake also highlighted the presence of several other prominent waterfowl species. Among the most abundant were 10,785 Eurasian Coots, 9,692 Common Pochards, 8,497 Common Teals, and 8,053 Northern Pintails. In addition to these, the census also documented lesser-known species such as the Greater White-fronted Goose, Lesser White-fronted Goose, Red Crested Pochard, and Northern Lapwing. These findings further emphasize the sanctuary’s diverse and vibrant bird population, making it a critical stopover for migratory species.
The Bar-Headed Goose, a key species at Pong Dam Lake. (Photo: DeepAI)
Experts attribute the overall rise in bird numbers — an increase of 83,555 individuals compared to 2024 — to the decrease in the lake’s water levels. As the waterline receded, new feeding grounds emerged, offering abundant resources for migratory birds. This phenomenon has attracted flocks from distant regions such as the Trans-Himalayan range, Tibet, Central Asia, Russia, and Siberia, further solidifying Pong Dam Lake’s critical role as a vital stopover for migratory species.
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“This drop in water levels has exposed more of the lake bed, creating a vast feeding area that has undoubtedly contributed to the increase in bird populations this year,” explained the wildlife officer. The newly exposed terrain provides rich sources of food, attracting larger numbers of migratory birds seeking sustenance during their long journeys, ultimately enhancing the biodiversity of the Pong Dam Lake sanctuary.
The majestic Sarus Crane at Pong Dam Lake. (Photo: DeepAI)
The bird count, which involved over 100 participants, was a collaborative effort including officials from the Himachal Pradesh Forest Department, experts from the Bombay Natural History Society, the Wildlife Institute of India, and passionate local bird enthusiasts. The survey covered the entire sanctuary, with the lake being divided into 25 sections to ensure a comprehensive examination of the wetland’s diverse ecosystems. This meticulous approach allowed for an accurate and detailed count of the migratory bird population.
Pong Dam Lake, a prestigious Ramsar site, serves as a vital wintering destination for migratory birds, drawing flocks from across the globe. The lake’s distinctive ecosystem, bolstered by the receding water levels that reveal the lakebed and create rich feeding grounds, has cemented its role as a sanctuary for these birds. With its abundant food supply and sheltered environment, the lake continues to provide a crucial refuge for a variety of species during their migratory journeys.
“This year’s bird count not only underscores the ecological importance of Pong Dam Lake but also emphasizes the success of continuous conservation efforts,” the officer remarked. The significant increase in bird populations reflects the positive impact of environmental protection measures and the dedication of both local authorities and conservation groups in preserving this vital habitat for migratory species.
The Pied Avocet spotted at Pong Dam Lake. (Photo: DeepAI)
In recognition of the sanctuary’s ecological significance, the Himachal Pradesh government inaugurated a new Interpretation Centre at Pong Wetland on January 18. The centre, unveiled by Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu, is designed to educate visitors about the wetland’s critical role in supporting migratory birds and preserving the region’s biodiversity. It aims to raise awareness about the importance of conservation and encourage sustainable tourism practices.
The annual bird census at Pong Dam Lake, which has expanded in both scope and precision over the years, underscores the growing importance of collaboration in conservation efforts. Local communities, alongside wildlife organizations, play a crucial role in ensuring the success of the survey. As migratory patterns shift due to the impacts of climate change, wetlands like Pong Dam Lake are becoming increasingly vital to the survival and health of migratory bird populations.
The Eurasian Teal at Pong Dam Lake, a vital stop for migratory birds. (Photo: DeepAI)
The Himachal Pradesh Forest Department, in collaboration with its partners, remains committed to safeguarding and preserving the lake’s distinctive birdlife. Their ongoing efforts aim to maintain the sanctuary’s rich biodiversity, ensuring that future generations of both birds and birdwatchers will continue to benefit from the vital role Pong Dam Lake plays in migratory bird conservation.
