The Biggest Hydropower Project in the World: Possible Effects on India

The Yarlung Tsangpo hydropower project in Tibet, which is located close to the Great Bend of the river, is expected to grow into the biggest hydropower plant in the world. Concerns regarding its effects on Assam and other downstream Indian states have been raised since it was announced in November 2024. Water scarcity, threats to biodiversity, and ecological concerns are important issues.

China’s development strategy is probably going to include a number of dams and powerhouses because of the 2,300-meter drop in the area. The possibility of water diversions during floods is still a concern, even if it is physically impossible for China to alter regular river flows.

From a strategic perspective, China’s downstream infrastructure vulnerabilities render concerns about the project being weaponized during conflicts less plausible. However, decreased soil movement could harm India’s agricultural areas.

In order to clarify the project and lessen its effects, diplomatic measures are essential. India needs to act quickly to implement defenses, such as building a reservoir on the Siang River.